Endemic to the basaltic plateaus of Santa Cruz province in Patagonia, Argentina. Inhabits remote high-altitude lakes during breeding, and moves to coastal estuaries in winter.

Look for its distinctive black hood, white body, and bright red eye, topped with a fan-shaped black and white crest (breeding plumage). Observe its unique courtship dance. Access is extremely difficult, requiring specialized expeditions to remote Patagonian lakes. Observe from a great distance to avoid disturbing this critically endangered species.

Breeding occurs during the austral summer (November-March) on specific plateau lakes. Winters along the Atlantic coast of Patagonia (April-October). Observations are challenging due to remote habitat and low numbers. Best observed during breeding if conditions permit.