Least Tern

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The Least Tern is the smallest tern in North America, recognizable by its small size, yellow bill with a black tip, and a distinctive white forehead patch. It is highly migratory, breeding on coastal beaches and river sandbars and wintering in warmer climes. This agile flyer is a skilled plunge-diver.

Where to spot

Breeds along the Atlantic, Gulf, and Pacific coasts of North America, and inland along major river systems. Winters along coastal South America, Central America, and the Caribbean.

How to spot

Look for its tiny size, white forehead patch, black cap, and yellow bill with a black tip. Observe its rapid wing beats and hovering flight before plunge-diving for small fish. Be mindful of their nesting sites, often roped off to protect them.

When to spot

Best observed during the breeding season from May to August in North America, when they form colonies. During migration (April-May, August-September), they can be seen along coastlines. Wintering birds are present from October to March in their southern range.

Where to spot

Breeds along the Atlantic, Gulf, and Pacific coasts of North America, and inland along major river systems. Winters along coastal South America, Central America, and the Caribbean.

How to spot

When to spot

Credits: Wikimedia Commons

Least Terns are exceptionally vulnerable to human disturbance and habitat loss, often nesting directly on open sand beaches that are popular for recreation.

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