Scoter (Velvet/White-winged/Stejneger's) Complex
Scoter (Velvet/White-winged/Stejneger's) Complex
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This complex refers to a group of very similar large sea ducks, including the Eurasian Velvet Scoter (Melanitta fusca) and the North American/Asian White-winged (M. deglandi) and Stejneger's Scoters (M. stejnegeri). All possess a characteristic white wing patch.
Where to spot
Coastal waters, large lakes, and estuaries across northern Eurasia and North America, depending on the specific species within the complex.
How to spot
Focus on bill shape, head profile, and subtle plumage details. While all have a white wing patch, differences in bill color, the extent of facial patterning, and head shape can help distinguish between the species.
When to spot
Primarily observed during winter on coastal areas; they migrate to northern freshwater lakes for breeding in spring and summer.
Where to spot
Coastal waters, large lakes, and estuaries across northern Eurasia and North America, depending on the specific species within the complex.
How to spot
Focus on bill shape, head profile, and subtle plumage details. While all have a white wing patch, differences in bill color, the extent of facial patterning, and head shape can help distinguish between the species.
When to spot
Primarily observed during winter on coastal areas; they migrate to northern freshwater lakes for breeding in spring and summer.
Despite their similar appearance, these species have distinct breeding ranges, with Velvet Scoters primarily in Eurasia and the latter two in North America and eastern Asia.
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