Breeds across North America and parts of South America (Andes), preferring shallow, vegetated freshwater wetlands. Winters widely across the southern United States, Mexico, Central America, and northern South America, on freshwater and some brackish coastal waters.

Look for them on shallow ponds, marshes, and lakes with emergent vegetation. Males in breeding plumage are unmistakable with their bright blue bill, white cheek, and stiff, often cocked tail. Females are mottled brown with a dark cap and a dark line through a paler cheek. They dive frequently and are often seen with their tails erect.

Can be observed year-round in parts of its range, but best during the breeding season (spring/summer) for active displays or during winter on larger open wetlands.