Birds
File:Ectopistes migratorius ULaval 1.jpg

Passenger Pigeon

Passenger Pigeon

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The Passenger Pigeon was once the most abundant bird in North America, known for its massive migratory flocks that could darken the sky for hours. Tragically, it went extinct in the early 20th century due to relentless overhunting and habitat destruction.
Where to spot
Extinct. Historically, it ranged across eastern North America, breeding in vast deciduous forests, particularly those dominated by oak and beech trees, and migrating widely.
How to spot
Not applicable (extinct). The Passenger Pigeon serves as a profound historical record and a cautionary tale about the devastating impact of human actions on wildlife and the irreversible nature of extinction.
When to spot
Extinct. The last known individual, named Martha, died in the Cincinnati Zoo in 1914, marking the end of the species.
File:Ectopistes migratorius ULaval 1.jpg
File:Ectopistes migratorius ULaval 2.jpg
File:Ectopistes migratorius ULaval 3.jpg
File:Passenger-Pigeon-Ectopistes-migratorius.jpg
File:Ectopistes migratorius ULaval 1.jpg
Credits: Wikimedia Commons
File:Ectopistes migratorius ULaval 2.jpg
Credits: Wikimedia Commons
File:Ectopistes migratorius ULaval 3.jpg
Credits: Wikimedia Commons
File:Passenger-Pigeon-Ectopistes-migratorius.jpg
Credits: Wikimedia Commons
Historical accounts describe flocks so vast they took days to pass overhead, and their sheer numbers could break tree limbs where they roosted, demonstrating their incredible former abundance.
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